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welcome to the skeptic zone the podcast

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yes it's the skeptic zone episode number

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145 for the 29th of July 2011 Richard

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Saunders here with you jet lag over and

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done with from Sydney Australia now if I

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was looking for a word to sum up this

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week's show it's I ecliptic yeah an

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eclectic show for you today a mixed bag

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like a box of chocolates you never know

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what you're going to get but we know

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what we're getting this week we're

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getting dr. Richie reports speaking with

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Nobel laureate professor peter doherty

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what a coup for dr. Richie professor

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Dougherty is involved with microbiology

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and immunization a kindred spirit for

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dr. Richie and a great interview for the

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rest of us coming up at the top of the

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show and following that we speak to our

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good friends from the Norwegian skeptics

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merit Simonson and her brother Ben dick

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now let's make sure their hearts go out

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to the people of noise because since the

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last episode of the zone went out not

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very long after the last episode of the

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zone went out we all heard that terrible

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news from Norway first the bombing and

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then shortly thereafter the horrible

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shooting a terrible tragedy in Norway is

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certainly in our thoughts at the moment

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so I hope you find this interview with

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the Norwegian skeptics particularly

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poignant in this week and that was from

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Tam Las Vegas following that is a short

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sort of catch-up report at tam las vegas

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with dr. H in myself chewing the fat

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talking about tan and to round off the

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show yes it's Maynard spooky

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action and this week may not speak to

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Java hmm Jeb JEB is on pay-tv he is

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recently put out a show jabbers curious

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world covering well-known paranormal

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incidents in Australia Yowies aliens big

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cats UFOs and ghosts and all that sort

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of stuff so Maynard jabs to jabber about

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his show and what he discovered so there

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you are folks like I said an eclectic

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show for you this week starting off with

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our fantastic interview with Nobel

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laureate professor peter doherty so

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while we're all enjoying that I'm gonna

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run downstairs and grab myself a mug of

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instant soup yeah chicken soup yeah

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chicken noodle soup mmm okay that'll do

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now it's time for dr. Rachel reports

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with dr. Rachel Dunlop hello Lisbon's

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and welcome to dr. Reggie reports well

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this week I'm very pleased to present

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for you an interview with professor

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peter doherty who is best known for

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receiving a nobel prize in physiology or

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medicine in 1996 along with his

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colleague Rob Zinka Naugle for

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uncovering the mechanism by which the

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immune system recognizes virus-infected

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cells which leads to a cascade of

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fighting killer cells known as T cells

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professor Dougherty is still active in

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research and divides his time between

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the University of Melbourne stir

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partment of microbiology and immunology

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and thus in Jude Children's Research

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Hospital in Memphis Tennessee his

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research continues today on trying to

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understand how t cells function in an

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effort to develop new vaccination

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strategies including as he'll tell us

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today maybe a cross reactive or generic

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influenza vaccine professor Dougherty is

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a prolific publisher and has written

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several books one of which i have read

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myself at the beginners guide to winning

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a Nobel Prize and I can thoroughly

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recommend it professor Dougherty is

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giving a free public lecture on Tuesday

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the second of august in canberra which

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will be live streamed from 6pm and check

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our show notes for more details so here

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we are with professor peter doherty so

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joining me today on the skeptic zone is

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professor peter doherty from the

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university of melbourne welcome Peter to

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the skeptic zone oh hi Rocio now I'm

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calling you today because you're giving

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a lecture next week in Canberra entitled

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killer viruses and killer T cells and in

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that you mentioned the eradication of

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Ryan de pest now at the end of June this

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year the who announced that they had

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finally eradicated this bovine disease

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and it killed millions and millions of

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Catalan and hoofed animals over the

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years now you think as a result of this

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that we can now also eradicate measles

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so how would we

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eradicate measles yeah well the

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rinderpest viruses it caused a decent

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massive devastation in Europe in the

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18th and 19th century and then in Africa

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it was still causing major problems up

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until the 1980s and the OIE the

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organization international deputy Joe

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teak and the FAO the Food and

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Agriculture Organization got together

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and organized big campaign to eradicate

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the disease it's caused by our

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morbillivirus and the vaccine that was

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used with the relative simple vaccine

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developed in the 1960s by guy called

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water flower right and they also did a

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lot of pretty sophisticated epidemiology

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molecular epidemiology to see where

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different strains the what causing

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diseases came from and they got rid of

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the disease some years back now and the

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official announcement was in Rome in

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july of this year they asked me along

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because i'm the first veterinarian to

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win a Nobel Prize and so I had to say a

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few words and we really was a big

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celebration of a big occasion another

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thing about rinderpest virus is that

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it's very closely related to human

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measles virus they both diverged from a

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common ancestor about ten to twelve

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hundred years back it's believed and so

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the point is if we can get rid of

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rinderpest a veterinary disease which

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also goes into wildlife it fends pretty

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obvious we could get rid of measles

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virus but the big problem is to get

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people to vaccinate their kids yeah so I

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guess with measles I mean currently

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there are actually a pocket of outbreaks

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all over the world and in fact in

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Auckland at the moment there's a 76

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cases and the media is saying that

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almost all of those that are infected

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and not immunized so in terms of the

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possibility of eradicated measles how do

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you see the anti-vaccination movement as

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an impediment to the eradication of

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measles well of course it's a disaster I

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mean we

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moved away from the idea that

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vaccinating children some sort of

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collective responsibility and as a

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result of that we're getting regular

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incursions of measles we're getting

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whooping cough and heaven knows what

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next is the tendency continues we know

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that when vaccination systems break down

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you get all sorts of diseases coming up

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for instance in Soviet Russia when the

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old soviet russia broke down basically a

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lot of kids were not being vaccinated

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we're having in cases of dysentery and

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all sorts of things with me drools we've

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had situations where it's been so a

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terrible problems in a South American

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country they've taken great efforts to

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control the infection and then the

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diseases being reintroduced again from

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Western countries by people who are

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traveling and haven't vaccinated their

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children they have carried the disease

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and again and so it's kind of a disaster

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how we reach people on this and how we

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educate them it seems extremely

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difficult that's such a lot of

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misinformation and misconception that

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it's very hard to cut through well I

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guess an example of a vaccine

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preventable disease occurring in

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Australia recently was a 22 year old

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girl died from diphtheria and Brisbane

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only a few months ago and it turned out

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that she probably didn't even know she

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wasn't vaccinated and her friend had

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been obviously and then imported it back

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to Australia because it's now an

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important disease in his country

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diphtheria isn't it I believe so and

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that's another tragedy of course if you

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don't vaccinate someone when they're a

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child they may be quite unaware and then

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travel say to a area of the world where

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a disease that we don't see very much is

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is endemic in the spreading and they can

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come down with conditions like

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poliomyelitis and so forth so we hope to

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get thalia myelitis eradicated from the

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world that's it's reasonably close i

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think has been an enormous campaign

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that's been going for many years but we

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had hope to get rid of it by 2002 and

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it's still not completely gone now a

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part of thats been due to disruption in

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war zones and so forth but it hopefully

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will go

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and measles could be eradicated but

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everyone would have to bake tonight now

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can you explain just briefly professor

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about herd immunity because I think a

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lot of people who don't vaccinate their

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children don't believe in that the

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concept of herd immunity and that's what

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we really need to eradicate these sort

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of vaccine-preventable diseases don't

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like a lot of people who don't vaccinate

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their children are relatively protected

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because of your herd immunity if we can

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keep vaccination rates up at about

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eighty percent then the viruses that

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only within human populations generally

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don't cause a major problem so it's

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always been the case that some people

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have stood out from vaccinations for

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religious reasons or whatever but if you

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keep it up around the eighty percent

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level I think is the general accepted

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figure them then you're okay but when it

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falls much below that then you start to

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get problems and as you know we've had

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this from hooping coffins of within this

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country that should never actually occur

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but it's just part of the part of the

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human tragedy I think that we don't

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accept now the opinion of professionals

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who actually started racing when we come

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up with our own own view of the world on

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issues like vaccination I think one of

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the other problems too is people don't

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understand the risk-benefit ratio and I

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suppose that there was a bit of an

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increase in adverse reactions last year

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to their CSL flu vaccination part of the

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prop out of the problem is that is that

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if you don't see the diseases and then

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you have your child vaccinated and the

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child does react then that their cross

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one note that I'm sofa with for a time

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which they can be after vaccination

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because of course of course an immune

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response and immune responses cause the

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production of all sorts of chemicals

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chemical mediators like cytokines and

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chemokines now that can actually make

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you feel a bit lousy for a while much

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less so than if you actually get the

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infection not so that's part of the

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issue is that people will react against

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that then of course there's been this

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whole thing about the measles mumps

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rubella

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the MMR vaccine and the under claims

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that it's supposed to be associated with

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the development of autism for in fact

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people had gone back and looked at that

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with with tremendous thoroughness and

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that's been a very large amounts of

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money it was a very limited report that

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first claimed us I think we're coming

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like 10 or 11 cases and all except one

275
00:12:41,960 --> 00:12:39,810
of the authors I think have now

276
00:12:44,570 --> 00:12:41,970
withdrawn the claim there's been no

277
00:12:46,250 --> 00:12:44,580
support for it at all that doesn't of

278
00:12:48,890 --> 00:12:46,260
course rule out the possibility that

279
00:12:50,990 --> 00:12:48,900
could be something somewhere because you

280
00:12:53,510 --> 00:12:51,000
always wonder whether there might be

281
00:12:57,220 --> 00:12:53,520
someone with a particular genetic makeup

282
00:13:01,790 --> 00:12:57,230
than might have an adverse reaction to a

283
00:13:04,700 --> 00:13:01,800
vaccine so nothing is absolutely safe

284
00:13:06,920 --> 00:13:04,710
and that includes vaccines and that

285
00:13:08,570 --> 00:13:06,930
requires to understand that you need to

286
00:13:11,120 --> 00:13:08,580
think about risk-benefit analysis

287
00:13:15,710 --> 00:13:11,130
basically what what what is the relevant

288
00:13:17,720 --> 00:13:15,720
risk and that is not a sort of idea

289
00:13:20,930 --> 00:13:17,730
that's prevalent in our population I

290
00:13:23,120 --> 00:13:20,940
think now you were you're on the team or

291
00:13:26,480 --> 00:13:23,130
the Task Force that investigated the

292
00:13:28,730 --> 00:13:26,490
issues with the CSL flu vax which caused

293
00:13:33,350 --> 00:13:28,740
increased adverse events and kids under

294
00:13:35,420 --> 00:13:33,360
five yeah I believe that that that you

295
00:13:37,400 --> 00:13:35,430
actually weren't able to identify what

296
00:13:39,110 --> 00:13:37,410
exactly was causing that what was the

297
00:13:41,270 --> 00:13:39,120
outcome of other things I got a pretty

298
00:13:43,250 --> 00:13:41,280
fair idea what might be going on the

299
00:13:45,320 --> 00:13:43,260
thing I was involved when was a small

300
00:13:47,270 --> 00:13:45,330
technical group really that was asked

301
00:13:49,700 --> 00:13:47,280
and look to see whether they could see

302
00:13:52,610 --> 00:13:49,710
any reason to this basically lab-based

303
00:13:54,110 --> 00:13:52,620
scientists and medical doctors who were

304
00:13:56,930 --> 00:13:54,120
looking at the broader picture of the

305
00:13:58,670 --> 00:13:56,940
epidemiology of the infection basically

306
00:14:01,700 --> 00:13:58,680
there was a real signal and it seemed

307
00:14:03,500 --> 00:14:01,710
what was happening was that the CEO cell

308
00:14:07,280 --> 00:14:03,510
vaccine was giving it very powerful

309
00:14:09,320 --> 00:14:07,290
immune response and it was to some

310
00:14:12,190 --> 00:14:09,330
extent what we can react to genic and

311
00:14:14,750 --> 00:14:12,200
that is it was producing so much in this

312
00:14:17,120 --> 00:14:14,760
chemokines cytokine type of stuff that

313
00:14:18,770 --> 00:14:17,130
we get in any infection that it was

314
00:14:21,080 --> 00:14:18,780
causing some teaser and when you give

315
00:14:22,760 --> 00:14:21,090
cause fever in young children a

316
00:14:26,180 --> 00:14:22,770
proportion of them going to convulsions

317
00:14:28,639 --> 00:14:26,190
and so it it was picked up fairly

318
00:14:30,769 --> 00:14:28,649
quickly and

319
00:14:33,290 --> 00:14:30,779
the vaccine was pretty quickly withdrawn

320
00:14:35,299 --> 00:14:33,300
and a safe vaccine was instigated and

321
00:14:37,369 --> 00:14:35,309
said that there's nothing basically

322
00:14:40,670 --> 00:14:37,379
wrong with the CSL vaccine it was just a

323
00:14:41,929 --> 00:14:40,680
very powerful vaccine and it turned out

324
00:14:44,420 --> 00:14:41,939
that it was just a bit too much for

325
00:14:46,549 --> 00:14:44,430
little kids they replaced it I think

326
00:14:49,460 --> 00:14:46,559
with the sanofi vaccine which doesn't

327
00:14:53,359 --> 00:14:49,470
get such a strong response and then it

328
00:14:55,519 --> 00:14:53,369
was safe to vaccinate small children so

329
00:14:59,090 --> 00:14:55,529
if flu season is upon us at the moment

330
00:15:01,280 --> 00:14:59,100
professor and I guess when you actually

331
00:15:03,230 --> 00:15:01,290
can be very dangerous and with the

332
00:15:05,449 --> 00:15:03,240
recent swine flu epidemics that went

333
00:15:07,309 --> 00:15:05,459
around the world some people would have

334
00:15:09,499 --> 00:15:07,319
said that the preparation done by

335
00:15:13,939 --> 00:15:09,509
governments was an overreaction that we

336
00:15:15,410 --> 00:15:13,949
made all this vaccine we made we asked

337
00:15:18,139 --> 00:15:15,420
people to get vaccinated and then

338
00:15:20,780 --> 00:15:18,149
nothing happened but if perhaps that

339
00:15:23,569 --> 00:15:20,790
virus hadn't turned out to be had turned

340
00:15:24,739 --> 00:15:23,579
out to be more virulent than it was what

341
00:15:26,269 --> 00:15:24,749
would have happened if we hadn't done

342
00:15:29,239 --> 00:15:26,279
that if we weren't prepared for that

343
00:15:31,850 --> 00:15:29,249
epidemic the thing about influenza

344
00:15:34,460 --> 00:15:31,860
pandemics is you can never really be

345
00:15:36,610 --> 00:15:34,470
quite sure what they'll do you can't

346
00:15:38,419 --> 00:15:36,620
know in prediction in science is always

347
00:15:40,639 --> 00:15:38,429
probabilistic I mean you can never

348
00:15:42,199 --> 00:15:40,649
absolutely predict anything and so

349
00:15:44,150 --> 00:15:42,209
you're always stuck with the situation

350
00:15:47,449 --> 00:15:44,160
you don't know what's going to happen in

351
00:15:51,290 --> 00:15:47,459
actual fact the perception that the h1n1

352
00:15:54,199 --> 00:15:51,300
swine flu was pretty mild is is not

353
00:15:58,189 --> 00:15:54,209
really quite correct the fact of the

354
00:16:00,559 --> 00:15:58,199
matter was that it didn't affect older

355
00:16:02,780 --> 00:16:00,569
people normally the people is to come to

356
00:16:05,749 --> 00:16:02,790
influenza and an influenza epidemic or

357
00:16:08,840 --> 00:16:05,759
pandemic people are in their sixties and

358
00:16:10,429 --> 00:16:08,850
seventies because their immune systems

359
00:16:12,289 --> 00:16:10,439
Awakening and they're much more

360
00:16:14,419 --> 00:16:12,299
susceptible to respiratory infection I

361
00:16:16,999 --> 00:16:14,429
mean if you took the sars outbreak for

362
00:16:18,860 --> 00:16:17,009
instance it cost about ten percent

363
00:16:22,189 --> 00:16:18,870
mortality in young people and fifty

364
00:16:24,650 --> 00:16:22,199
percent mortality in old people so with

365
00:16:27,109 --> 00:16:24,660
this influenza virus the swine influenza

366
00:16:29,419 --> 00:16:27,119
virus it turned out the people who were

367
00:16:31,429 --> 00:16:29,429
born before 1950 had cross-reactive

368
00:16:33,889 --> 00:16:31,439
immunity and been exposed to something

369
00:16:36,739 --> 00:16:33,899
rather similar way back and they still

370
00:16:39,829 --> 00:16:36,749
had immunity to it and as a result of

371
00:16:41,570 --> 00:16:39,839
that the deaths rates and the infection

372
00:16:45,380 --> 00:16:41,580
rates in older people were really

373
00:16:47,810 --> 00:16:45,390
low but what we did see is a reasonable

374
00:16:50,930 --> 00:16:47,820
amount of extremely severe disease in

375
00:16:53,570 --> 00:16:50,940
fit healthy young adult you know if you

376
00:16:55,370 --> 00:16:53,580
talk about this stuff and you you find

377
00:16:57,350 --> 00:16:55,380
on talkback radio you're talking to a

378
00:16:59,540 --> 00:16:57,360
nanny vaccine person they say well I

379
00:17:02,270 --> 00:16:59,550
know how to keep my child fit and

380
00:17:05,329 --> 00:17:02,280
healthy and so forth but actually with

381
00:17:06,800 --> 00:17:05,339
influenza both in this outbreak and in

382
00:17:08,690 --> 00:17:06,810
the nineteen eighteen outbreak that

383
00:17:10,160 --> 00:17:08,700
killed a lot of people a lot of people

384
00:17:12,650 --> 00:17:10,170
who are particularly susceptible with

385
00:17:14,180 --> 00:17:12,660
young people and that probably is

386
00:17:16,010 --> 00:17:14,190
because they're making too strong an

387
00:17:19,070 --> 00:17:16,020
immune response and they're getting some

388
00:17:23,090 --> 00:17:19,080
of this what we call cytokine effect and

389
00:17:25,610 --> 00:17:23,100
so we we had a number of young healthy

390
00:17:29,680 --> 00:17:25,620
people who only survived because I put

391
00:17:31,820 --> 00:17:29,690
on ECMO the extracorporeal membrane

392
00:17:35,300 --> 00:17:31,830
oxygenation that heart-lung type

393
00:17:38,030 --> 00:17:35,310
machines and also we had six times as

394
00:17:40,250 --> 00:17:38,040
many pregnant women in hospital in

395
00:17:43,400 --> 00:17:40,260
critical care beds so there was

396
00:17:45,830 --> 00:17:43,410
something really going on and we don't

397
00:17:47,360 --> 00:17:45,840
fully understand what that was we're

398
00:17:49,520 --> 00:17:47,370
getting a much better understanding of

399
00:17:51,200 --> 00:17:49,530
how influential works using modern

400
00:17:54,650 --> 00:17:51,210
molecular medicine techniques but we

401
00:17:56,540 --> 00:17:54,660
still we've still got a way to go well

402
00:17:59,360 --> 00:17:56,550
it's part of your Nobel Prize discovery

403
00:18:01,370 --> 00:17:59,370
you characterized how it is that t-cells

404
00:18:03,440 --> 00:18:01,380
which is also known as killer cells in

405
00:18:06,170 --> 00:18:03,450
our immune system recognize specific

406
00:18:09,910 --> 00:18:06,180
molecules on other cells that are called

407
00:18:12,980 --> 00:18:09,920
MHC molecules and this was how that they

408
00:18:14,120 --> 00:18:12,990
induced an immune response now part of

409
00:18:16,610 --> 00:18:14,130
the work that you're interested in doing

410
00:18:18,760 --> 00:18:16,620
now with your team in Australia in

411
00:18:21,770 --> 00:18:18,770
America is developing a cross reactive

412
00:18:23,690 --> 00:18:21,780
influenza vaccine can you tell us a bit

413
00:18:27,770 --> 00:18:23,700
a bit about that and why would that be

414
00:18:30,560 --> 00:18:27,780
beneficial yeah that the issue with the

415
00:18:32,030 --> 00:18:30,570
influenza vaccines is because of viruses

416
00:18:34,160 --> 00:18:32,040
change all the time they shanked by

417
00:18:36,110 --> 00:18:34,170
mutation which we called antigenic drift

418
00:18:38,600 --> 00:18:36,120
and they can also change but change by

419
00:18:40,460 --> 00:18:38,610
reassortment influenza viruses have a

420
00:18:42,950 --> 00:18:40,470
genome with eight different segments as

421
00:18:45,020 --> 00:18:42,960
you intact itself simultaneously with

422
00:18:47,360 --> 00:18:45,030
tubular viruses they can repackage and

423
00:18:48,680 --> 00:18:47,370
you get new flood flu viruses out and

424
00:18:50,750 --> 00:18:48,690
that's been the source of some of the

425
00:18:53,360 --> 00:18:50,760
new pandemic viruses including the swine

426
00:18:54,500 --> 00:18:53,370
flu one where to swine blight viruses

427
00:18:56,960 --> 00:18:54,510
got together that would

428
00:18:58,940 --> 00:18:56,970
current Andrea sorted and then out came

429
00:19:03,500 --> 00:18:58,950
a virus which was very infectious for

430
00:19:06,230 --> 00:19:03,510
him so the issue of flu vaccines means

431
00:19:09,740 --> 00:19:06,240
that if you get a sudden flu outbreak as

432
00:19:12,200 --> 00:19:09,750
we did with the swine flu one then you

433
00:19:15,830 --> 00:19:12,210
don't have vaccine and it takes about

434
00:19:19,310 --> 00:19:15,840
six months to make vaccine the the 19 /

435
00:19:21,110 --> 00:19:19,320
2009 swine flu was detected in i think

436
00:19:25,100 --> 00:19:21,120
it was in Mexico in California about

437
00:19:27,200 --> 00:19:25,110
April 2009by may 2009 was in melbourne

438
00:19:29,450 --> 00:19:27,210
australia and by September it was all

439
00:19:31,100 --> 00:19:29,460
around the world and we didn't get any

440
00:19:34,490 --> 00:19:31,110
vaccine at the people vows before

441
00:19:37,130 --> 00:19:34,500
September basically and you know there

442
00:19:39,020 --> 00:19:37,140
was a big goes in Canada in October of

443
00:19:41,210 --> 00:19:39,030
that year and there was a big furor

444
00:19:42,950 --> 00:19:41,220
because the young boy had died from it

445
00:19:45,980 --> 00:19:42,960
and people couldn't get vaccine and our

446
00:19:47,600 --> 00:19:45,990
very upset about it now we made a lot of

447
00:19:49,640 --> 00:19:47,610
vaccine and the vaccine turned out to be

448
00:19:52,390 --> 00:19:49,650
very energetic it was actually a very

449
00:19:55,100 --> 00:19:52,400
good vaccine in factors except to live

450
00:19:56,750 --> 00:19:55,110
the situation we discussed earlier with

451
00:20:00,410 --> 00:19:56,760
little children and Western Australia

452
00:20:02,810 --> 00:20:00,420
where is really too strong and so so the

453
00:20:05,540 --> 00:20:02,820
vaccine worked pretty well the current

454
00:20:06,890 --> 00:20:05,550
fluid flu outbreak in Australia is I

455
00:20:08,960 --> 00:20:06,900
think there's a lot of influence of the

456
00:20:11,870 --> 00:20:08,970
virus which in the rather different sort

457
00:20:13,670 --> 00:20:11,880
of virus circulating and we're worried

458
00:20:17,300 --> 00:20:13,680
waiting to see what how that hoping will

459
00:20:20,360 --> 00:20:17,310
develop now with respect to the killer T

460
00:20:23,420 --> 00:20:20,370
cells these just other cells have

461
00:20:25,040 --> 00:20:23,430
destroyed virus-infected cells and as

462
00:20:26,720 --> 00:20:25,050
you say they focus on to our own

463
00:20:28,370 --> 00:20:26,730
transplant molecules that have been

464
00:20:31,370 --> 00:20:28,380
modified by having a little bit of the

465
00:20:33,170 --> 00:20:31,380
virus in their tip and the bit of virus

466
00:20:35,060 --> 00:20:33,180
the tens to hundreds attempts to come

467
00:20:37,580 --> 00:20:35,070
from internal proteins to the virus

468
00:20:40,250 --> 00:20:37,590
which tend to be rather conserved and so

469
00:20:42,380 --> 00:20:40,260
there's a lot of cross-reactivity and we

470
00:20:44,630 --> 00:20:42,390
think that maybe we primed up that

471
00:20:47,120 --> 00:20:44,640
cross-reactivity it would help to make a

472
00:20:48,650 --> 00:20:47,130
much more cross-reactive vaccine and if

473
00:20:50,630 --> 00:20:48,660
we could make a much more cross-reactive

474
00:20:54,350 --> 00:20:50,640
axon we could make it ahead of time and

475
00:20:56,540 --> 00:20:54,360
even store it in in the case of a new

476
00:20:58,100 --> 00:20:56,550
pandemic stern emerging there's also a

477
00:20:59,690 --> 00:20:58,110
lot of other stuff being discussed from

478
00:21:01,670 --> 00:20:59,700
the point of view of trying to focus the

479
00:21:04,040 --> 00:21:01,680
antibody response the other component of

480
00:21:06,860 --> 00:21:04,050
immunity which normally the important

481
00:21:07,470 --> 00:21:06,870
thing in philly vaccines onto shared or

482
00:21:10,050 --> 00:21:07,480
concern

483
00:21:13,110 --> 00:21:10,060
regions of the protein by modifying the

484
00:21:15,330 --> 00:21:13,120
protein and and and changing the way

485
00:21:16,710 --> 00:21:15,340
it's presented to the immune system so

486
00:21:19,410 --> 00:21:16,720
there's a lot of discussion a lot of

487
00:21:21,480 --> 00:21:19,420
excitement now in vaccine research with

488
00:21:23,250 --> 00:21:21,490
new molecular technology hoping

489
00:21:25,710 --> 00:21:23,260
hopefully giving us much better vaccine

490
00:21:27,300 --> 00:21:25,720
so if we could develop a cross reactive

491
00:21:29,400 --> 00:21:27,310
influenza vaccine then we wouldn't have

492
00:21:31,830 --> 00:21:29,410
to make a new one every year and and

493
00:21:33,810 --> 00:21:31,840
model it to the specific strain would we

494
00:21:35,850 --> 00:21:33,820
could just have like a generic silly

495
00:21:39,510 --> 00:21:35,860
vaccine that that would be wonderful

496
00:21:41,370 --> 00:21:39,520
from the point of view of Medicine if we

497
00:21:42,960 --> 00:21:41,380
could make a cross reactive vaccine that

498
00:21:45,150 --> 00:21:42,970
we didn't have to give every year and

499
00:21:48,990 --> 00:21:45,160
even if it was a vaccine that didn't

500
00:21:50,670 --> 00:21:49,000
protect totally that allowed a low level

501
00:21:53,040 --> 00:21:50,680
of infection for instance that would

502
00:21:54,840 --> 00:21:53,050
have the effect a really boosting

503
00:21:56,730 --> 00:21:54,850
immunity so there may be some advantage

504
00:21:58,890 --> 00:21:56,740
in that now whether we'll ever get to

505
00:22:02,280 --> 00:21:58,900
that we don't know but I think we should

506
00:22:04,110 --> 00:22:02,290
try pretty hard to do it part of the

507
00:22:06,480 --> 00:22:04,120
issue that would be as even though this

508
00:22:08,280 --> 00:22:06,490
looks might look very good from the the

509
00:22:09,630 --> 00:22:08,290
point of view of university researchers

510
00:22:11,720 --> 00:22:09,640
and so what would it look really good

511
00:22:17,130 --> 00:22:11,730
from the point of view of drug company

512
00:22:19,080 --> 00:22:17,140
good point that's not very lucrative if

513
00:22:20,820 --> 00:22:19,090
they have one vaccine too well you know

514
00:22:23,000 --> 00:22:20,830
and also that the enormous cost of

515
00:22:26,760 --> 00:22:23,010
putting any any new vaccine through

516
00:22:29,340 --> 00:22:26,770
through trials now that's a lot of money

517
00:22:33,300 --> 00:22:29,350
to do to develop something that's a

518
00:22:35,340 --> 00:22:33,310
totally new product to human years yeah

519
00:22:37,560 --> 00:22:35,350
so just a couple of final questions

520
00:22:39,690 --> 00:22:37,570
professor on that issue of vaccine

521
00:22:41,220 --> 00:22:39,700
testing now you do find the anti-vaxxers

522
00:22:43,080 --> 00:22:41,230
will say because there's a new flu

523
00:22:44,520 --> 00:22:43,090
vaccine every year therefore it hasn't

524
00:22:46,800 --> 00:22:44,530
been tested therefore I'm not going to

525
00:22:50,040 --> 00:22:46,810
give it to my children now the fact that

526
00:22:53,640 --> 00:22:50,050
we've had flu vaccines in place for a

527
00:22:56,940 --> 00:22:53,650
long time surely that's the testing that

528
00:22:59,040 --> 00:22:56,950
we're doing yeah it is that's true I

529
00:23:01,770 --> 00:22:59,050
mean we couldn't if we had to go through

530
00:23:04,440 --> 00:23:01,780
the full testing for flu vaccine every

531
00:23:06,030 --> 00:23:04,450
year and in the sensor was a new product

532
00:23:08,360 --> 00:23:06,040
we never get any vaccine out there at

533
00:23:10,890 --> 00:23:08,370
all I mean there's a question about

534
00:23:12,870 --> 00:23:10,900
vaccinations children as as what

535
00:23:15,900 --> 00:23:12,880
happened with the the Western Australian

536
00:23:17,670 --> 00:23:15,910
situation you know the situation is if

537
00:23:20,850 --> 00:23:17,680
you get large numbers of children

538
00:23:23,460 --> 00:23:20,860
infected and civilian fected people

539
00:23:26,730 --> 00:23:23,470
to use a vaccine that the it's this

540
00:23:30,900 --> 00:23:26,740
issue of nothing is ever totally safe I

541
00:23:32,850 --> 00:23:30,910
mean we know that I mean it's not safe

542
00:23:34,770 --> 00:23:32,860
to cross a road for instance we know

543
00:23:37,500 --> 00:23:34,780
that we when we wear seatbelts in a car

544
00:23:39,510 --> 00:23:37,510
that seed dogs normally protect us but

545
00:23:41,070 --> 00:23:39,520
you know sometimes the accident can be

546
00:23:45,270 --> 00:23:41,080
worse because we're wearing a seatbelt

547
00:23:47,580 --> 00:23:45,280
and it's the same issue there's not

548
00:23:50,669 --> 00:23:47,590
nothing in life that is totally without

549
00:23:52,650 --> 00:23:50,679
risk though I think we go over the top a

550
00:23:55,440 --> 00:23:52,660
little bit in current society trying to

551
00:23:58,710 --> 00:23:55,450
minimize risk and you have to be able to

552
00:24:01,080 --> 00:23:58,720
live and I'm not living a cocoon so I

553
00:24:02,549 --> 00:24:01,090
think you're planning to retire from

554
00:24:04,110 --> 00:24:02,559
research soon is that right but you're

555
00:24:06,630 --> 00:24:04,120
never going to give up science because

556
00:24:08,220 --> 00:24:06,640
I'm a scientist myself and I know that

557
00:24:13,260 --> 00:24:08,230
as a scientist you can never give it up

558
00:24:16,740 --> 00:24:13,270
so what are your plans well I'm 70 70

559
00:24:18,000 --> 00:24:16,750
years old and we have a program grant

560
00:24:19,919 --> 00:24:18,010
for the Australian National Health

561
00:24:22,110 --> 00:24:19,929
Medical Research Council that runs for

562
00:24:24,750 --> 00:24:22,120
another 30 years plus and I'm also

563
00:24:28,500 --> 00:24:24,760
involved in a big what we call systems

564
00:24:30,360 --> 00:24:28,510
biology research effort on influenza

565
00:24:32,789 --> 00:24:30,370
trying to understand early influence or

566
00:24:34,470 --> 00:24:32,799
infection in the United States I'm more

567
00:24:36,630 --> 00:24:34,480
Thunder it looks for a general audience

568
00:24:38,909 --> 00:24:36,640
about science and trying to talk about

569
00:24:42,630 --> 00:24:38,919
science to people who don't think about

570
00:24:45,320 --> 00:24:42,640
it all the time and I've got one book

571
00:24:50,270 --> 00:24:45,330
that you to come out next year that's on

572
00:24:52,260 --> 00:24:50,280
birds and infection and the Cubs

573
00:24:54,210 --> 00:24:52,270
tentatively at the moment it's called

574
00:24:56,100 --> 00:24:54,220
Sentinel chickens we will see what it

575
00:25:00,510 --> 00:24:56,110
ends up as not only writing a book on

576
00:25:04,500 --> 00:25:00,520
pandemics I think scientists need to try

577
00:25:06,570 --> 00:25:04,510
to talk to people and to try to get

578
00:25:08,549 --> 00:25:06,580
across messages about what they do

579
00:25:10,020 --> 00:25:08,559
understand and the limitations of their

580
00:25:12,419 --> 00:25:10,030
understanding and what they think is

581
00:25:16,169 --> 00:25:12,429
important and so I'll probably spend the

582
00:25:19,110 --> 00:25:16,179
rest of my active life trying to do that

583
00:25:20,490 --> 00:25:19,120
I think if I were younger I'd probably

584
00:25:22,440 --> 00:25:20,500
try to do it through the blogosphere

585
00:25:23,940 --> 00:25:22,450
which is probably much more effective

586
00:25:25,919 --> 00:25:23,950
but I have young people are already

587
00:25:27,480 --> 00:25:25,929
doing that and of course you're doing

588
00:25:30,270 --> 00:25:27,490
podcasts which is a good way to approach

589
00:25:32,190 --> 00:25:30,280
these issues I think that's a really

590
00:25:33,750 --> 00:25:32,200
pertinent point that you raised because

591
00:25:34,740 --> 00:25:33,760
I'm just yesterday there was an article

592
00:25:36,600 --> 00:25:34,750
in nature new

593
00:25:39,630 --> 00:25:36,610
use by professor who's been blogging

594
00:25:41,760 --> 00:25:39,640
about stem cells for a year and he was

595
00:25:44,040 --> 00:25:41,770
encouraging people now to get into the

596
00:25:46,020 --> 00:25:44,050
blogosphere and i think in these times

597
00:25:48,960 --> 00:25:46,030
as it seems to me there's quite a

598
00:25:50,730 --> 00:25:48,970
distrust of scientists emerging we have

599
00:25:53,700 --> 00:25:50,740
the climate denialists and then we have

600
00:25:55,710 --> 00:25:53,710
the you know greenpeace who went into

601
00:25:57,840 --> 00:25:55,720
siren we've been slickered their GM crop

602
00:26:00,960 --> 00:25:57,850
recently and it seems that there's this

603
00:26:02,640 --> 00:26:00,970
under sort of against bubbling under the

604
00:26:05,100 --> 00:26:02,650
surface people are distrusting

605
00:26:06,750 --> 00:26:05,110
government and scientists and i think we

606
00:26:08,490 --> 00:26:06,760
need to take responsibility for some of

607
00:26:10,410 --> 00:26:08,500
that and get out there and teach people

608
00:26:13,020 --> 00:26:10,420
about how science works and not to be

609
00:26:14,940 --> 00:26:13,030
scared of it and understand what we do

610
00:26:18,090 --> 00:26:14,950
in labs at nighttime you know in with

611
00:26:21,210 --> 00:26:18,100
perhaps and flood tides yeah I couldn't

612
00:26:23,460 --> 00:26:21,220
agree more but I think it's even more

613
00:26:25,770 --> 00:26:23,470
persuasive than that I think there's a

614
00:26:31,020 --> 00:26:25,780
general retreat from reason in society

615
00:26:34,860 --> 00:26:31,030
and also the the media and the nature of

616
00:26:37,620 --> 00:26:34,870
information has changed dramatically you

617
00:26:39,330 --> 00:26:37,630
can't really rely on anything you read

618
00:26:42,600 --> 00:26:39,340
in the newspaper in Australia for

619
00:26:44,490 --> 00:26:42,610
instance on in the one substantial

620
00:26:46,380 --> 00:26:44,500
segments of the newspaper industry is

621
00:26:48,570 --> 00:26:46,390
actively campaigning against doing

622
00:26:51,120 --> 00:26:48,580
anything about climate change and they

623
00:26:53,820 --> 00:26:51,130
simply invent stuff quite frankly or

624
00:26:55,620 --> 00:26:53,830
don't report it so where do you get

625
00:26:58,440 --> 00:26:55,630
valid information so we've been

626
00:27:00,420 --> 00:26:58,450
struggling with this the new initiative

627
00:27:02,490 --> 00:27:00,430
that coming out of university of

628
00:27:05,520 --> 00:27:02,500
melbourne but involving many australian

629
00:27:07,890 --> 00:27:05,530
universities and increasingly involving

630
00:27:11,490 --> 00:27:07,900
north northern hemisphere universities

631
00:27:15,210 --> 00:27:11,500
ism is a an epic called the conversation

632
00:27:17,910 --> 00:27:15,220
oh yes a knot this is an online effort

633
00:27:20,070 --> 00:27:17,920
the articles are written by scientists

634
00:27:22,190 --> 00:27:20,080
and academics not just scientists people

635
00:27:25,380 --> 00:27:22,200
who are doing various other things in

636
00:27:29,580 --> 00:27:25,390
universities and then they're taken over

637
00:27:31,470 --> 00:27:29,590
by journalists who edit them and put

638
00:27:34,560 --> 00:27:31,480
them in the language that's accessible

639
00:27:37,440 --> 00:27:34,570
to people who are non specialists and

640
00:27:39,180 --> 00:27:37,450
who are just intelligent interested

641
00:27:42,150 --> 00:27:39,190
people and I think that's a very good

642
00:27:44,190 --> 00:27:42,160
effort so basically if we want to get

643
00:27:46,310 --> 00:27:44,200
people to engage much more with science

644
00:27:47,810 --> 00:27:46,320
we have to do it I think through the

645
00:27:50,180 --> 00:27:47,820
electronic me

646
00:27:52,370 --> 00:27:50,190
the print media I think sort of

647
00:27:55,880 --> 00:27:52,380
basically becoming history fairly

648
00:27:58,640 --> 00:27:55,890
quickly and and and they're there in

649
00:28:01,250 --> 00:27:58,650
some cases just so unreliable that

650
00:28:03,950 --> 00:28:01,260
they're not useful no especially when

651
00:28:07,280 --> 00:28:03,960
they dominated by one particular you

652
00:28:10,970 --> 00:28:07,290
know news body which is the case well

653
00:28:13,600 --> 00:28:10,980
dude I take ten newspapers and one of

654
00:28:18,320 --> 00:28:13,610
them i think is becoming increasingly

655
00:28:23,030 --> 00:28:18,330
toxic I'm like every disease come into

656
00:28:24,470 --> 00:28:23,040
your house every day why I do it we

657
00:28:26,150 --> 00:28:24,480
won't mention any names and we'll get

658
00:28:29,060 --> 00:28:26,160
shut down by the unidentified the

659
00:28:32,990 --> 00:28:29,070
newspaper but they know who they are I

660
00:28:34,400 --> 00:28:33,000
do like you I think they didn't yeah so

661
00:28:36,800 --> 00:28:34,410
professor Dougherty you're giving a

662
00:28:39,230 --> 00:28:36,810
public lecture on Tuesday the second of

663
00:28:41,240 --> 00:28:39,240
august in Canberra called killer viruses

664
00:28:46,700 --> 00:28:41,250
and killer t-cells that's free and is

665
00:28:48,230 --> 00:28:46,710
also live broadcast from 6pm thank you

666
00:28:50,690 --> 00:28:48,240
so much for taking the time to talk to

667
00:29:01,250 --> 00:28:50,700
us today I really appreciate it okay

668
00:29:11,240 --> 00:29:04,440
and now a message from the inside of

669
00:29:19,019 --> 00:29:15,620
sub HIPAA with merit and bending and

670
00:29:21,899 --> 00:29:19,029
from Norway i'm here at still here tam

671
00:29:23,669 --> 00:29:21,909
nine although not for long sadly yes

672
00:29:25,649 --> 00:29:23,679
I've got to get my bus in about four

673
00:29:27,149 --> 00:29:25,659
hours it's all too crazy but I'm here

674
00:29:30,919 --> 00:29:27,159
with these wonderful Norwegian people

675
00:29:33,690 --> 00:29:30,929
who were drinking heavily last night

676
00:29:37,590 --> 00:29:33,700
every time someone said Norway the table

677
00:29:48,470 --> 00:29:37,600
erupted I enjoyed a lot oh it was just

678
00:29:53,570 --> 00:29:51,950
Marty first time at ten uh well sort of

679
00:29:55,250 --> 00:29:53,580
I've been to both the ones that have

680
00:29:57,919 --> 00:29:55,260
been in London all right of course yeah

681
00:30:00,590 --> 00:29:57,929
and they were both wonderful and after

682
00:30:03,020 --> 00:30:00,600
the first one we were a bunch of people

683
00:30:04,970 --> 00:30:03,030
who got really engaged and wanted to do

684
00:30:06,530 --> 00:30:04,980
stuff so that's kind of where my real

685
00:30:09,100 --> 00:30:06,540
skeptical activist and started before

686
00:30:11,450 --> 00:30:09,110
that I was just reading blogs and

687
00:30:13,250 --> 00:30:11,460
thinking about writing a blog and that

688
00:30:15,230 --> 00:30:13,260
kind of thing but after that that was

689
00:30:17,750 --> 00:30:15,240
like a pivotal event we started doing a

690
00:30:20,090 --> 00:30:17,760
lot more stuff excellent and were you at

691
00:30:24,230 --> 00:30:20,100
ten in London too yeah I went with her

692
00:30:29,360 --> 00:30:24,240
both times and well like I didn't get

693
00:30:32,180 --> 00:30:29,370
quite that motivated but about almost a

694
00:30:34,760 --> 00:30:32,190
year ago I decided that we should really

695
00:30:37,159 --> 00:30:34,770
have a Norwegian podcasts because we

696
00:30:39,080 --> 00:30:37,169
didn't have a Norwegian podcasts so we

697
00:30:42,440 --> 00:30:39,090
started a pinch of salt and it's been

698
00:30:44,870 --> 00:30:42,450
very successful ever since that's great

699
00:30:46,340 --> 00:30:44,880
i love i like the name because you know

700
00:30:47,990 --> 00:30:46,350
the English expression takes something

701
00:30:50,990 --> 00:30:48,000
with a grain of salt I guess that's the

702
00:30:52,549 --> 00:30:51,000
same the same concept here yeah you know

703
00:30:55,580 --> 00:30:52,559
region though the term is a pinch of

704
00:30:58,700 --> 00:30:55,590
salt is all of that yeah and what topics

705
00:31:02,060 --> 00:30:58,710
do you cover ah we cover no reason news

706
00:31:04,460 --> 00:31:02,070
stories and regular skeptical topics

707
00:31:07,390 --> 00:31:04,470
such as the vaccination alternative

708
00:31:11,260 --> 00:31:07,400
medicine how to read a scientific study

709
00:31:14,090 --> 00:31:11,270
and we talked to various people about

710
00:31:16,460 --> 00:31:14,100
different areas of science and and that

711
00:31:17,960 --> 00:31:16,470
kind of thing if listeners are wondering

712
00:31:19,789 --> 00:31:17,970
and they're thinking I've heard that

713
00:31:22,070 --> 00:31:19,799
voice before you're one of the two

714
00:31:23,480 --> 00:31:22,080
lovely Norwegian ladies who the ad i

715
00:31:28,940 --> 00:31:23,490
play occasionally where you hear the

716
00:31:38,870 --> 00:31:37,399
I am audit Maya Kristen Aviva tips addai

717
00:31:41,210 --> 00:31:38,880
some lotion lifted off the skeptic zone

718
00:31:43,190 --> 00:31:41,220
I'm skeptical marine Nadia the VINs not

719
00:31:44,899 --> 00:31:43,200
a blog gear or petrov a podcast of

720
00:31:46,789 --> 00:31:44,909
reading it escapes East rivers lakes on

721
00:31:48,740 --> 00:31:46,799
this door open ah central data skips

722
00:31:50,960 --> 00:31:48,750
astotel new or higher publicize the dips

723
00:31:52,879 --> 00:31:50,970
corner Chiclets and calendar / activated

724
00:31:54,320 --> 00:31:52,889
or link eternity research it escapes his

725
00:31:55,879 --> 00:31:54,330
blog in opportunity I'm lay of the disk

726
00:31:57,590 --> 00:31:55,889
attached ft / food amount so stick

727
00:32:06,560 --> 00:31:57,600
kingdom of their tawdry what's up skips

728
00:32:07,789 --> 00:32:06,570
is totes hello yes yes that's me i might

729
00:32:11,419 --> 00:32:07,799
not be recognizable right now because

730
00:32:13,250 --> 00:32:11,429
i'm a bit hoarse after yesterday but yes

731
00:32:15,740 --> 00:32:13,260
that is me yes it's me and Kristin

732
00:32:17,810 --> 00:32:15,750
Kristin was a wonderful honor we have to

733
00:32:19,399 --> 00:32:17,820
collect miss as well and and what a pity

734
00:32:21,740 --> 00:32:19,409
Kristin couldn't be here yeah i'm

735
00:32:24,019 --> 00:32:21,750
missing exactly we are because she was

736
00:32:26,480 --> 00:32:24,029
the lovely lady who was on the video for

737
00:32:29,149 --> 00:32:26,490
the 10 23 from oslo she was the main

738
00:32:30,440 --> 00:32:29,159
organizer of that event and also she and

739
00:32:32,240 --> 00:32:30,450
I and a couple of other people organized

740
00:32:34,909 --> 00:32:32,250
the region conference on science and

741
00:32:39,730 --> 00:32:34,919
skepticism called critical mass in

742
00:32:42,169 --> 00:32:39,740
October last year also so now you had a

743
00:32:44,539 --> 00:32:42,179
visit not so long ago from our dear

744
00:32:48,190 --> 00:32:44,549
friend james randi indeed and I've seen

745
00:32:51,529 --> 00:32:48,200
the video which is online of course of

746
00:32:53,600 --> 00:32:51,539
Randy's talk there and well it seemed to

747
00:32:56,419 --> 00:32:53,610
me that that was a huge success it was

748
00:32:59,000 --> 00:32:56,429
his visit and his talk yes it was a huge

749
00:33:00,409 --> 00:32:59,010
success first he was in Oslo where they

750
00:33:03,919 --> 00:33:00,419
had booked a venue of about a thousand

751
00:33:06,019 --> 00:33:03,929
people and 1500 people showed up so 500

752
00:33:07,100 --> 00:33:06,029
were turned away at the door then he

753
00:33:08,570 --> 00:33:07,110
moved on to a different city called

754
00:33:10,879 --> 00:33:08,580
Trondheim where the video is from and

755
00:33:12,340 --> 00:33:10,889
they had a venue of about 600 and I

756
00:33:15,529 --> 00:33:12,350
think about a thousand people showed up

757
00:33:18,500 --> 00:33:15,539
then in the final city that he went to

758
00:33:20,330 --> 00:33:18,510
in Bergen unfortunately there are very

759
00:33:22,759 --> 00:33:20,340
few large venues except for like

760
00:33:25,820 --> 00:33:22,769
extremely large so they were only able

761
00:33:27,529 --> 00:33:25,830
to get a venue about 300 people and I

762
00:33:30,350 --> 00:33:27,539
think they had to turn away that same

763
00:33:32,090 --> 00:33:30,360
amount there too Wow so yeah that was

764
00:33:33,200 --> 00:33:32,100
extremely popular and it was a great

765
00:33:36,169 --> 00:33:33,210
success and he was in all the major

766
00:33:37,180 --> 00:33:36,179
newspapers and I think it really raised

767
00:33:38,800 --> 00:33:37,190
awareness

768
00:33:40,750 --> 00:33:38,810
because in a region humanist association

769
00:33:41,980 --> 00:33:40,760
is doing a campaign about critical

770
00:33:48,120 --> 00:33:41,990
thinking called no one likes to be

771
00:33:50,560 --> 00:33:48,130
fooled or in liquid oublie loot and

772
00:33:53,770 --> 00:33:50,570
Randy the whole Randy stunt was was a

773
00:33:56,590 --> 00:33:53,780
wonderful promoter of attention the

774
00:33:59,590 --> 00:33:56,600
video I'm glad somebody organized that

775
00:34:01,690 --> 00:33:59,600
video yes I i downloaded that i think i

776
00:34:03,220 --> 00:34:01,700
was telling you the other night I saw it

777
00:34:04,750 --> 00:34:03,230
online and I thought well I want to have

778
00:34:07,810 --> 00:34:04,760
this side download it and burn it to a

779
00:34:09,700 --> 00:34:07,820
DVD yeah it's really good and it's still

780
00:34:13,870 --> 00:34:09,710
out there for free so how can people

781
00:34:16,330 --> 00:34:13,880
find them um probably by googling Randy

782
00:34:18,370 --> 00:34:16,340
talk and maybe Trondheim which is a

783
00:34:21,700 --> 00:34:18,380
large nor weed in the ocean region city

784
00:34:24,100 --> 00:34:21,710
more even brandy talk norway would ya we

785
00:34:26,320 --> 00:34:24,110
find it that's true probably video Randy

786
00:34:28,360 --> 00:34:26,330
talking away yep absolutely in fact what

787
00:34:30,370 --> 00:34:28,370
I'll do and this episode goes out in the

788
00:34:32,470 --> 00:34:30,380
show notes folks and in the newsletter

789
00:34:35,230 --> 00:34:32,480
i'll make sure i include that link yeah

790
00:34:37,990 --> 00:34:35,240
that's very good i have such fun in no

791
00:34:39,520 --> 00:34:38,000
white folks oh yes we do actually

792
00:34:42,910 --> 00:34:39,530
skepticism in norway has been on the

793
00:34:44,410 --> 00:34:42,920
rise since since about spring of 2009

794
00:34:47,230 --> 00:34:44,420
when the first skeptics in the pub

795
00:34:49,870 --> 00:34:47,240
meeting was launched and it was sort of

796
00:34:52,840 --> 00:34:49,880
low key for a while you know like 10

797
00:34:55,180 --> 00:34:52,850
people meeting up every time and after

798
00:34:57,900 --> 00:34:55,190
we started showing up naturally things

799
00:35:00,280 --> 00:34:57,910
got more interesting but actually after

800
00:35:01,960 --> 00:35:00,290
we started showing up a lot of other

801
00:35:04,060 --> 00:35:01,970
people also started showing up and and

802
00:35:06,100 --> 00:35:04,070
now generally were about 25 to 30 people

803
00:35:08,760 --> 00:35:06,110
at the ones and although which is pretty

804
00:35:12,820 --> 00:35:08,770
good for a very small city like Ozil and

805
00:35:15,040 --> 00:35:12,830
a lot of activism and good stuff has

806
00:35:16,840 --> 00:35:15,050
come of sort of the environment around

807
00:35:20,410 --> 00:35:16,850
that I mean there's a conference there's

808
00:35:22,810 --> 00:35:20,420
the podcast overall new blog several new

809
00:35:24,820 --> 00:35:22,820
blogs quite a lot of media attention as

810
00:35:27,760 --> 00:35:24,830
well actually yeah we've had reporters

811
00:35:31,990 --> 00:35:27,770
visit us a couple of times and we've

812
00:35:34,330 --> 00:35:32,000
been visited by George Rob yes yeah

813
00:35:35,920 --> 00:35:34,340
that's right that was wonderful that was

814
00:35:38,800 --> 00:35:35,930
amazing and we also had the director of

815
00:35:41,980 --> 00:35:38,810
the movie sizzle a global warming comedy

816
00:35:43,150 --> 00:35:41,990
oh man Randy Olson um that was also

817
00:35:45,490 --> 00:35:43,160
great we showed his movie and he

818
00:35:46,630 --> 00:35:45,500
how to talk with us so we're trying to

819
00:35:49,750 --> 00:35:46,640
organize more events and stuff like that

820
00:35:51,430 --> 00:35:49,760
and also kind of as a result of all this

821
00:35:54,250 --> 00:35:51,440
and all the activism and buzzing that's

822
00:35:57,130 --> 00:35:54,260
going on the organization the Norwegian

823
00:35:59,710 --> 00:35:57,140
skeptics has also been revived they've

824
00:36:03,520 --> 00:35:59,720
had they haven't had a board meeting in

825
00:36:06,700 --> 00:36:03,530
about 15 years and we finally had one in

826
00:36:08,590 --> 00:36:06,710
March and elected a new board and lots

827
00:36:11,170 --> 00:36:08,600
of young faces yes that's a new faces

828
00:36:13,840 --> 00:36:11,180
was elected at the leader well that that

829
00:36:17,020 --> 00:36:13,850
would be me so I'm now the president of

830
00:36:19,960 --> 00:36:17,030
the Norwegian skeptics and thank you

831
00:36:21,910 --> 00:36:19,970
thank you congratulations thank you and

832
00:36:25,330 --> 00:36:21,920
kristin is also in the board yeah um

833
00:36:28,390 --> 00:36:25,340
we're actually I'm not in the board but

834
00:36:30,460 --> 00:36:28,400
we're very proud of the composition on

835
00:36:32,050 --> 00:36:30,470
makeup yeah because other nine people on

836
00:36:35,140 --> 00:36:32,060
the board four of them are women and

837
00:36:37,810 --> 00:36:35,150
right I believe eight of them are under

838
00:36:40,330 --> 00:36:37,820
35 or something yeah we're all I think

839
00:36:44,440 --> 00:36:40,340
we're all like around 40 or younger a

840
00:36:47,230 --> 00:36:44,450
lot of us are in our 20s and 30s she's a

841
00:36:51,400 --> 00:36:47,240
really good demographic yeah there's a

842
00:36:56,410 --> 00:36:51,410
lot of uh vibrant energy and good

843
00:36:58,630 --> 00:36:56,420
frequencies radiating from your energy

844
00:37:02,140 --> 00:36:58,640
there you can feel the energies yeah up

845
00:37:05,620 --> 00:37:02,150
and no it's the trolls yeah controls yes

846
00:37:09,670 --> 00:37:05,630
yes we can feel the troll spirits giving

847
00:37:11,350 --> 00:37:09,680
us power so what's what's the big next

848
00:37:13,810 --> 00:37:11,360
thing when you go home what will you be

849
00:37:15,580 --> 00:37:13,820
getting into the first thing is to make

850
00:37:18,690 --> 00:37:15,590
a new website for the Norwegian skeptics

851
00:37:22,360 --> 00:37:18,700
which really really needs a facelift and

852
00:37:24,670 --> 00:37:22,370
needs a bit more of a modern focus I

853
00:37:27,250 --> 00:37:24,680
would say it's been publishing academic

854
00:37:29,710 --> 00:37:27,260
articles for a very long time and I have

855
00:37:31,690 --> 00:37:29,720
their place but yeah that's like the

856
00:37:33,400 --> 00:37:31,700
main thing that you see there's a blog

857
00:37:36,640 --> 00:37:33,410
but it's very sort of hidden in the

858
00:37:38,290 --> 00:37:36,650
links so we're going to try and sort of

859
00:37:39,660 --> 00:37:38,300
make it a little bit more news is

860
00:37:42,539 --> 00:37:39,670
oriented and

861
00:37:44,150 --> 00:37:42,549
to sort of change the focus that the

862
00:37:46,289 --> 00:37:44,160
website which I think will be very good

863
00:37:49,049 --> 00:37:46,299
also we've started working on our next

864
00:37:51,960 --> 00:37:49,059
conference which will probably not be in

865
00:37:54,120 --> 00:37:51,970
2011 but it will be in 2012 because as

866
00:37:57,390 --> 00:37:54,130
you are aware making a conference is a

867
00:38:00,059 --> 00:37:57,400
huge job takes time well if he goes

868
00:38:03,359 --> 00:38:00,069
ahead in 2012 what time of the year you

869
00:38:06,750 --> 00:38:03,369
think we're thinking spring 2012 which

870
00:38:08,670 --> 00:38:06,760
is what month we go Oh februari februari

871
00:38:12,510 --> 00:38:08,680
yea sorry I'm Australian it's all crazy

872
00:38:14,160 --> 00:38:12,520
yeah that is crazy actually it's uh beer

873
00:38:16,620 --> 00:38:14,170
is probably more like winter but we're

874
00:38:17,970 --> 00:38:16,630
gonna try and get it done at least at

875
00:38:20,280 --> 00:38:17,980
the latest you know like march but

876
00:38:22,589 --> 00:38:20,290
probably in February not a nice time of

877
00:38:25,289 --> 00:38:22,599
the in February noise nice time do you

878
00:38:27,450 --> 00:38:25,299
yes I'm not really really is really cold

879
00:38:30,809 --> 00:38:27,460
not really cool it's good for sledding

880
00:38:33,059 --> 00:38:30,819
and skiing so that's ok yeah i think i

881
00:38:34,440 --> 00:38:33,069
think if we if we do it if I brary will

882
00:38:37,770 --> 00:38:34,450
have to have like a speaker sledding

883
00:38:40,140 --> 00:38:37,780
evening well I hope that you keep us

884
00:38:44,270 --> 00:38:40,150
posted and me personally posted [\h__\h]

885
00:38:47,640 --> 00:38:44,280
because I would like to visit every

886
00:38:49,950 --> 00:38:47,650
skeptical Convention and roll the time

887
00:38:52,849 --> 00:38:49,960
of course I love these things I really

888
00:38:56,520 --> 00:38:52,859
do and in my own small way I hope I

889
00:38:59,910 --> 00:38:56,530
contribute to the fun and the success so

890
00:39:02,700 --> 00:38:59,920
if there's enough notice pneus is any

891
00:39:05,609 --> 00:39:02,710
hope I will make every effort keep that

892
00:39:08,309 --> 00:39:05,619
in mind come to Oslo that would be a

893
00:39:10,240 --> 00:39:08,319
nice though yes yes that is the easiest

894
00:39:12,890 --> 00:39:10,250
venue to organize things in

895
00:39:15,470 --> 00:39:12,900
I've been briefly to Sweden and I've

896
00:39:17,630 --> 00:39:15,480
been briefly to Denmark get it to Norway

897
00:39:20,270 --> 00:39:17,640
all right so it's gonna be next on the

898
00:39:28,100 --> 00:39:20,280
list yeah definitely you can't go back

899
00:39:31,010 --> 00:39:28,110
there until then I knew that it happens

900
00:39:33,080 --> 00:39:31,020
everywhere here folks when I go to

901
00:39:37,490 --> 00:39:33,090
Norway I'm going to get to a table and

902
00:39:39,770 --> 00:39:37,500
Australia well Norwegian skeptics with

903
00:39:41,810 --> 00:39:39,780
your pinch of salt I wish you every

904
00:39:54,230 --> 00:39:41,820
success and thank you very much thank

905
00:39:56,030 --> 00:39:54,240
you this is desiree shell a host of

906
00:39:58,340 --> 00:39:56,040
Canadian radio shows skeptically

907
00:40:04,609 --> 00:39:58,350
speaking in you're listening to the

908
00:40:10,289 --> 00:40:07,640
and i'm here at tam 9 in las vegas

909
00:40:13,380 --> 00:40:10,299
sitting around the corner from the main

910
00:40:14,429 --> 00:40:13,390
corridor where there's a lot of activity

911
00:40:17,309 --> 00:40:14,439
going on we're sort of hiding in a

912
00:40:19,709 --> 00:40:17,319
corner here I'm with Richard crabby leg

913
00:40:22,289 --> 00:40:19,719
Saunders crabby leg Saunders that's me I

914
00:40:23,789 --> 00:40:22,299
haven't had my Krabby legs yet I know

915
00:40:25,829 --> 00:40:23,799
you have it Richard I know that you want

916
00:40:28,079 --> 00:40:25,839
to go straight after the speaker's

917
00:40:30,329 --> 00:40:28,089
reception this afternoon to have crappy

918
00:40:32,609 --> 00:40:30,339
legs don't you yes I've got money set

919
00:40:35,609 --> 00:40:32,619
aside for it I saw that you were showing

920
00:40:37,679 --> 00:40:35,619
me your crabby leg money so you this

921
00:40:39,900 --> 00:40:37,689
morning you did a panel you did a panel

922
00:40:41,400 --> 00:40:39,910
on getting things done skepticism

923
00:40:42,900 --> 00:40:41,410
getting things done unfortunately I

924
00:40:44,249 --> 00:40:42,910
wasn't there because i was preparing

925
00:40:45,900 --> 00:40:44,259
from our own panel and obviously our

926
00:40:47,519 --> 00:40:45,910
listeners most of Alice's weren't there

927
00:40:49,380 --> 00:40:47,529
yeah so tell me what was that about

928
00:40:52,439 --> 00:40:49,390
getting things done well they had a

929
00:40:54,779 --> 00:40:52,449
range of people on on the stage who in

930
00:40:57,689 --> 00:40:54,789
the opinion of the JREF I suppose had

931
00:41:00,809 --> 00:40:57,699
helped make a change in the past year

932
00:41:03,749 --> 00:41:00,819
and I was chosen for the work that I and

933
00:41:06,299 --> 00:41:03,759
we've all done on pal balance so indeed

934
00:41:08,849 --> 00:41:06,309
we had a bit of a chat about that and I

935
00:41:11,099 --> 00:41:08,859
had George Saba MC come out and I did

936
00:41:13,199 --> 00:41:11,109
the whole routine on George with a with

937
00:41:14,609 --> 00:41:13,209
a placebo band without a placebo been to

938
00:41:18,089 --> 00:41:14,619
show the whole audience how that worked

939
00:41:21,089 --> 00:41:18,099
and that got a round of applause or

940
00:41:23,130 --> 00:41:21,099
applause sorry I'm scheduler yeah it's

941
00:41:25,949 --> 00:41:23,140
interesting because I've been talking to

942
00:41:27,390 --> 00:41:25,959
a few people here and of course I guess

943
00:41:29,549 --> 00:41:27,400
we take it for granted in Australia that

944
00:41:32,130 --> 00:41:29,559
most people in Australia know what

945
00:41:35,909 --> 00:41:32,140
happened with power balance there and

946
00:41:38,339 --> 00:41:35,919
that is that and that is that they went

947
00:41:41,249 --> 00:41:38,349
they went broke basically very recently

948
00:41:44,339 --> 00:41:41,259
but it's not everyone here knows that do

949
00:41:46,349 --> 00:41:44,349
they know and we still get surprises and

950
00:41:48,509 --> 00:41:46,359
applause when we tell them that power

951
00:41:51,390 --> 00:41:48,519
balance in Australia folded the company

952
00:41:53,880 --> 00:41:51,400
didn't work and that was largely due to

953
00:41:56,039 --> 00:41:53,890
skeptical active activism CEO mr. Jay

954
00:41:58,679 --> 00:41:56,049
later yeah because someone was tweeting

955
00:42:00,719 --> 00:41:58,689
during your demonstration they tweeted

956
00:42:03,449 --> 00:42:00,729
if you think what Richard Saunders did

957
00:42:05,309 --> 00:42:03,459
onstage was absurd i can tell you i saw

958
00:42:08,039 --> 00:42:05,319
it two days ago at the mall down on the

959
00:42:09,809 --> 00:42:08,049
street yeah so it's kind of it happens

960
00:42:11,729 --> 00:42:09,819
everywhere here doesn't it oh yeah yeah

961
00:42:14,390 --> 00:42:11,739
there's still other power balance is

962
00:42:16,970 --> 00:42:14,400
still on sale here the original and

963
00:42:20,150 --> 00:42:16,980
not the best and all their clothes their

964
00:42:24,140 --> 00:42:20,160
cannon balance zoom or whatever hell

965
00:42:25,940 --> 00:42:24,150
Byron you yeah yeah and it's amazing to

966
00:42:28,130 --> 00:42:25,950
me that the australian government

967
00:42:29,960 --> 00:42:28,140
cracked down on this and the US

968
00:42:32,269 --> 00:42:29,970
government well they're lagging behind

969
00:42:34,099 --> 00:42:32,279
well we were we also got interviewed

970
00:42:36,650 --> 00:42:34,109
this morning by hg u and we were talking

971
00:42:39,680 --> 00:42:36,660
about the avn actually and how we've

972
00:42:42,349 --> 00:42:39,690
utilized through legal mechanisms

973
00:42:45,529 --> 00:42:42,359
government laws and regulatory our

974
00:42:47,539 --> 00:42:45,539
bodies to kind of to kind of hold them

975
00:42:49,490 --> 00:42:47,549
to account and we're really i think well

976
00:42:52,400 --> 00:42:49,500
based on what I've been hearing from

977
00:42:54,380 --> 00:42:52,410
people here to this weekend we're quite

978
00:42:56,029 --> 00:42:54,390
unique in that sense that we do in

979
00:42:58,010 --> 00:42:56,039
Australia we complain about a regulatory

980
00:42:59,839 --> 00:42:58,020
bodies but it seems like they are

981
00:43:01,400 --> 00:42:59,849
actually equipped to do something and

982
00:43:03,799 --> 00:43:01,410
that might not be the case here that

983
00:43:07,069 --> 00:43:03,809
might not be the case but also i always

984
00:43:09,859 --> 00:43:07,079
think we've got some very dedicated

985
00:43:11,779 --> 00:43:09,869
people working on our behalf or with

986
00:43:14,269 --> 00:43:11,789
this i should say like lifeguard the

987
00:43:16,250 --> 00:43:14,279
jelly bean lady Loretta Marin yeah and

988
00:43:18,680 --> 00:43:16,260
of course ken harvey he made a complaint

989
00:43:19,910 --> 00:43:18,690
about how balanced the TGA and then

990
00:43:21,680 --> 00:43:19,920
there's you know the grassroots people

991
00:43:23,329 --> 00:43:21,690
like Chris Higgins for example who wrote

992
00:43:24,980 --> 00:43:23,339
letters to chemist warehouse d at the

993
00:43:26,059 --> 00:43:24,990
hot band removed you know there's a

994
00:43:28,279 --> 00:43:26,069
whole lot of people on a whole different

995
00:43:30,829 --> 00:43:28,289
level and I think we commented on this

996
00:43:33,140 --> 00:43:30,839
last year as well that the response that

997
00:43:34,789 --> 00:43:33,150
we get when we come to town from people

998
00:43:37,160 --> 00:43:34,799
here is that we seem to have a very

999
00:43:39,980 --> 00:43:37,170
effective grassroots in a bunch of

1000
00:43:42,170 --> 00:43:39,990
people in Australia we got good we've

1001
00:43:43,760 --> 00:43:42,180
got the runs on the board and a lot of

1002
00:43:47,210 --> 00:43:43,770
people appreciate that which is good

1003
00:43:49,039 --> 00:43:47,220
yeah yeah so Richard what you don't have

1004
00:43:51,589 --> 00:43:49,049
anything else to do this weekend do you

1005
00:43:54,049 --> 00:43:51,599
know more panels at all not officially

1006
00:43:56,000 --> 00:43:54,059
no are being interviewed momentarily by

1007
00:43:58,190 --> 00:43:56,010
someone from a college newspaper and

1008
00:43:59,720 --> 00:43:58,200
then I expect people wanted me to be

1009
00:44:01,339 --> 00:43:59,730
here or go there or do that you know

1010
00:44:02,690 --> 00:44:01,349
what it's like dr. AG yeah but you also

1011
00:44:05,510 --> 00:44:02,700
have to eat some crabby lakes this

1012
00:44:13,789 --> 00:44:05,520
afternoon thank you dr. Rachel thanks

1013
00:44:19,380 --> 00:44:16,709
hi this is brian dunning from sceptile

1014
00:44:21,359 --> 00:44:19,390
com the best way to share the benefits

1015
00:44:23,039 --> 00:44:21,369
of critical thinking and science with

1016
00:44:26,039 --> 00:44:23,049
someone who doesn't listen to podcasts

1017
00:44:28,019 --> 00:44:26,049
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1020
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1021
00:44:39,569 --> 00:44:37,269
papyrus 50 chapters contain something

1022
00:44:42,029 --> 00:44:39,579
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1023
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wondered about and subject to intrigue

1024
00:44:47,849 --> 00:44:45,189
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1025
00:44:50,189 --> 00:44:47,859
pyramids and papyrus by Brian Dunning

1026
00:44:52,289 --> 00:44:50,199
with a foreword by Richard Saunders of

1027
00:44:54,839 --> 00:44:52,299
the Australian skeptics it's available

1028
00:44:58,319 --> 00:44:54,849
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1029
00:45:01,289 --> 00:44:58,329
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1030
00:45:09,749 --> 00:45:01,299
personalized copy from sceptile calm I'm

1031
00:45:12,600 --> 00:45:09,759
Brian Dunning from skep tide calm his my

1032
00:45:15,540 --> 00:45:12,610
not spooky action

1033
00:45:18,840 --> 00:45:15,550
at the distance

1034
00:45:20,790 --> 00:45:18,850
hello may I you you sound really good

1035
00:45:22,620 --> 00:45:20,800
i'm just reading up on that on the

1036
00:45:25,020 --> 00:45:22,630
complete history of mine are here which

1037
00:45:28,190 --> 00:45:25,030
is just fascinating i was the minister

1038
00:45:30,720 --> 00:45:28,200
to disco during the Whitlam government I

1039
00:45:33,570 --> 00:45:30,730
like this the man club best described as

1040
00:45:35,820 --> 00:45:33,580
a food fight with a DJ on the phone I

1041
00:45:38,610 --> 00:45:35,830
have a man who is izzy's right behind

1042
00:45:40,020 --> 00:45:38,620
national Geographics bi-curious week now

1043
00:45:42,300 --> 00:45:40,030
this is a very interesting move on

1044
00:45:43,710 --> 00:45:42,310
national Geographics part Jabbar is it

1045
00:45:45,480 --> 00:45:43,720
funny may not as soon as I heard they

1046
00:45:47,580 --> 00:45:45,490
were curious my first thought was to put

1047
00:45:49,410 --> 00:45:47,590
a prefix of x on it but that's not the

1048
00:45:51,690 --> 00:45:49,420
case 13 hours a brand new programming

1049
00:45:53,520 --> 00:45:51,700
which as you would know my dad 13 hours

1050
00:45:55,050 --> 00:45:53,530
in an entire week of new programming on

1051
00:45:57,150 --> 00:45:55,060
pay TV it's just something that is

1052
00:45:59,310 --> 00:45:57,160
unheard of it is unheard of I mean like

1053
00:46:00,390 --> 00:45:59,320
the people at Discovery Channel probably

1054
00:46:02,010 --> 00:46:00,400
tearing their hair out because they've

1055
00:46:04,230 --> 00:46:02,020
only got 12 and a half they can't have

1056
00:46:06,510 --> 00:46:04,240
it did it top shark week what are we

1057
00:46:08,760 --> 00:46:06,520
gonna do shock fortnight Jabba look and

1058
00:46:10,980 --> 00:46:08,770
you I'm so envious of you you got to do

1059
00:46:12,390 --> 00:46:10,990
a little special called Jabba's curious

1060
00:46:14,940 --> 00:46:12,400
world in which you went out and spoke to

1061
00:46:17,370 --> 00:46:14,950
Australian people about the paranormal

1062
00:46:19,890 --> 00:46:17,380
yeah mainly not jobs but I'm that's fine

1063
00:46:21,840 --> 00:46:19,900
i was with kindred spirits there what is

1064
00:46:23,790 --> 00:46:21,850
it may not about people that are

1065
00:46:26,310 --> 00:46:23,800
interested in pyramids and hieroglyphics

1066
00:46:28,950 --> 00:46:26,320
and UFOs and ghosts that just seems

1067
00:46:31,380 --> 00:46:28,960
slightly unbalanced I think it's the

1068
00:46:33,150 --> 00:46:31,390
natural tendency to get intense about

1069
00:46:35,250 --> 00:46:33,160
stuff I mean you talk to people who are

1070
00:46:37,260 --> 00:46:35,260
involved in in science in any sort of

1071
00:46:38,550 --> 00:46:37,270
intense way and if you don't understand

1072
00:46:40,020 --> 00:46:38,560
what they're doing they can seem

1073
00:46:42,240 --> 00:46:40,030
unbalanced to you people that are fans

1074
00:46:43,740 --> 00:46:42,250
of Duran Duran might seem unbalanced

1075
00:46:46,770 --> 00:46:43,750
because they're very intense about that

1076
00:46:48,360 --> 00:46:46,780
if you don't share their view anyone can

1077
00:46:49,980 --> 00:46:48,370
seem unbalanced it's interesting you say

1078
00:46:52,110 --> 00:46:49,990
that because I'm a big fan of watching

1079
00:46:54,180 --> 00:46:52,120
on the couch on Foxtel which is a show

1080
00:46:56,640 --> 00:46:54,190
about AFL and I don't understand a great

1081
00:46:58,470 --> 00:46:56,650
deal about Ozzie rules 40 I do like all

1082
00:47:00,210 --> 00:46:58,480
of this and kill the same but i watch

1083
00:47:01,950 --> 00:47:00,220
the show know might these guys are mad

1084
00:47:03,960 --> 00:47:01,960
and you're exactly right it there's an

1085
00:47:05,130 --> 00:47:03,970
intensity about people that have fans of

1086
00:47:08,850 --> 00:47:05,140
stuff and I guess when you're a fan of

1087
00:47:11,580 --> 00:47:08,860
ghosts or UFOs that because they are al

1088
00:47:13,830 --> 00:47:11,590
you know or all but impossible to prove

1089
00:47:15,840 --> 00:47:13,840
their existence you know you come across

1090
00:47:17,340 --> 00:47:15,850
as quite mad on twitter I put out the

1091
00:47:18,870 --> 00:47:17,350
question any questions for java about

1092
00:47:20,820 --> 00:47:18,880
the show and brian dunning who is the

1093
00:47:22,440 --> 00:47:20,830
host of sceptile one of these skeptic

1094
00:47:24,210 --> 00:47:22,450
podcasts and he got a great question

1095
00:47:26,790 --> 00:47:24,220
here he wants to know how can the

1096
00:47:29,250 --> 00:47:26,800
average person prove the existence of

1097
00:47:32,670 --> 00:47:29,260
the paranormal to themselves

1098
00:47:35,070 --> 00:47:32,680
good question I you can't be if you

1099
00:47:36,750 --> 00:47:35,080
would like to try I guess that's all you

1100
00:47:39,390 --> 00:47:36,760
can do is to go and put yourself in

1101
00:47:41,850 --> 00:47:39,400
scenarios where your skepticism is

1102
00:47:44,670 --> 00:47:41,860
challenged and compromised for instance

1103
00:47:47,040 --> 00:47:44,680
in in the show we did a story about a

1104
00:47:49,020 --> 00:47:47,050
guy who believes there is a big cat

1105
00:47:51,390 --> 00:47:49,030
roaming the blue mountains west of

1106
00:47:53,970 --> 00:47:51,400
Sydney I saw that bit I saw that bit

1107
00:47:56,700 --> 00:47:53,980
there was actually a large Persian in

1108
00:47:58,980 --> 00:47:56,710
his backyard which he did not he missed

1109
00:48:01,050 --> 00:47:58,990
the large Persian standing about two

1110
00:48:03,300 --> 00:48:01,060
meters behind him oh it was a great

1111
00:48:04,950 --> 00:48:03,310
moment that our our producer and man on

1112
00:48:07,140 --> 00:48:04,960
the camera at the time Jeff seabury he

1113
00:48:09,420 --> 00:48:07,150
said look over there there's a big cat

1114
00:48:11,040 --> 00:48:09,430
there was a giant cat in the backyard so

1115
00:48:13,470 --> 00:48:11,050
this is a Rex gilroy Jesus shows

1116
00:48:15,570 --> 00:48:13,480
preeminent cryptozoologist which is a

1117
00:48:17,750 --> 00:48:15,580
branch of science not recognized by

1118
00:48:20,790 --> 00:48:17,760
mainstream branches of science isn't it

1119
00:48:23,520 --> 00:48:20,800
cryptozoology I thought it was ooh ology

1120
00:48:26,730 --> 00:48:23,530
both its cryptozoology because the

1121
00:48:29,190 --> 00:48:26,740
second Oh is part of ology so at zoology

1122
00:48:31,410 --> 00:48:29,200
maybe 930 DH but then it's not about

1123
00:48:33,300 --> 00:48:31,420
zoos no it's not no I don't know what

1124
00:48:35,100 --> 00:48:33,310
it's about my dad he wrecks was an

1125
00:48:36,630 --> 00:48:35,110
amazing got to spend time with and I

1126
00:48:38,100 --> 00:48:36,640
really felt for him because at the end

1127
00:48:39,600 --> 00:48:38,110
of the shoot he said look thanks so much

1128
00:48:41,070 --> 00:48:39,610
for your time and a lot of people have

1129
00:48:42,630 --> 00:48:41,080
come and shot with me and I've got a

1130
00:48:43,860 --> 00:48:42,640
really good vibe off you guys a lot of

1131
00:48:45,510 --> 00:48:43,870
people come and shoot and they just

1132
00:48:47,520 --> 00:48:45,520
didn't make fun of me I thought well

1133
00:48:49,680 --> 00:48:47,530
he's pretty perceptive because he

1134
00:48:52,020 --> 00:48:49,690
understands that people could struggle

1135
00:48:53,670 --> 00:48:52,030
to take his his interest seriously he's

1136
00:48:55,050 --> 00:48:53,680
got poor Prince he's got peak near

1137
00:48:56,910 --> 00:48:55,060
skulls that he reckons are a million

1138
00:48:59,460 --> 00:48:56,920
years old like he was probably my fate

1139
00:49:01,710 --> 00:48:59,470
my favorite encounter and I was pretty

1140
00:49:03,390 --> 00:49:01,720
skeptical about about a lot of Rex's

1141
00:49:04,830 --> 00:49:03,400
findings but you know he believes the

1142
00:49:06,810 --> 00:49:04,840
dinosaurs have appeared in the wall of

1143
00:49:08,580 --> 00:49:06,820
our national park through time shifts

1144
00:49:10,710 --> 00:49:08,590
time shift hang on so we're talking

1145
00:49:12,450 --> 00:49:10,720
about there's a wormhole of some sort

1146
00:49:14,220 --> 00:49:12,460
pretty much why these time shifts will

1147
00:49:16,080 --> 00:49:14,230
come and go and a dinosaur like a

1148
00:49:17,970 --> 00:49:16,090
helicopter pilot was flying over he

1149
00:49:19,860 --> 00:49:17,980
looked down and there was Jurassic Park

1150
00:49:21,660 --> 00:49:19,870
have any flu background and it all

1151
00:49:24,420 --> 00:49:21,670
disappears I was just your shift into in

1152
00:49:26,250 --> 00:49:24,430
the fabric of time that is very cool I

1153
00:49:27,810 --> 00:49:26,260
haven't heard that I mean just awesome

1154
00:49:29,880 --> 00:49:27,820
like you just go cares if it's true or

1155
00:49:31,620 --> 00:49:29,890
not that's a great story Jabbar it's

1156
00:49:33,240 --> 00:49:31,630
almost in the naming is show the way

1157
00:49:34,680 --> 00:49:33,250
that you interview because people ask me

1158
00:49:36,330 --> 00:49:34,690
like on this show you know they go

1159
00:49:38,220 --> 00:49:36,340
you're talking to a person and what they

1160
00:49:40,320 --> 00:49:38,230
were saying made no sense but you've

1161
00:49:42,330 --> 00:49:40,330
just basically got to be curious and ask

1162
00:49:43,210 --> 00:49:42,340
them what the evidence is and let them

1163
00:49:45,640 --> 00:49:43,220
talk to you that's all

1164
00:49:47,470 --> 00:49:45,650
going to do that's my favorite meteor I

1165
00:49:49,150 --> 00:49:47,480
suppose and it's something that you know

1166
00:49:51,910 --> 00:49:49,160
you and I may be a part of a generation

1167
00:49:53,950 --> 00:49:51,920
of people that like to give people the

1168
00:49:56,140 --> 00:49:53,960
forum to air their views unless the

1169
00:49:57,700 --> 00:49:56,150
particularly discriminatory or offensive

1170
00:49:58,810 --> 00:49:57,710
then you're what are you gonna do you're

1171
00:50:01,510 --> 00:49:58,820
gonna let people go you're going to let

1172
00:50:04,000 --> 00:50:01,520
people air their opinions about you know

1173
00:50:07,000 --> 00:50:04,010
Duran Duran or us photos why not it's

1174
00:50:08,680 --> 00:50:07,010
not my role to be the arbiter of their

1175
00:50:10,420 --> 00:50:08,690
opinion anyway because I don't have all

1176
00:50:12,370 --> 00:50:10,430
the information here let the listener

1177
00:50:14,290 --> 00:50:12,380
decide and that's the way it goes and

1178
00:50:16,540 --> 00:50:14,300
just don't say all this person is under

1179
00:50:17,980 --> 00:50:16,550
present right just say here's a person

1180
00:50:20,020 --> 00:50:17,990
with this belief let's have a listen

1181
00:50:21,640 --> 00:50:20,030
these people are there they've got their

1182
00:50:23,230 --> 00:50:21,650
interests and it's nice to help them

1183
00:50:24,430 --> 00:50:23,240
showcase it to the world I'm going to go

1184
00:50:26,080 --> 00:50:24,440
through a few of the things that was

1185
00:50:28,000 --> 00:50:26,090
covered in the show UFOs who did you

1186
00:50:30,820 --> 00:50:28,010
speak to Australian about that this

1187
00:50:32,400 --> 00:50:30,830
one's really interesting in 1966 200

1188
00:50:36,040 --> 00:50:32,410
students at Westall Secondary College

1189
00:50:38,410 --> 00:50:36,050
witnessed three shiny silver discs to

1190
00:50:40,870 --> 00:50:38,420
send on to the school level just before

1191
00:50:43,450 --> 00:50:40,880
recess and and fly off to a nearby wood

1192
00:50:45,310 --> 00:50:43,460
that's known as The Grange apparently

1193
00:50:46,810 --> 00:50:45,320
the military turned up the children were

1194
00:50:49,390 --> 00:50:46,820
warned never to speak about what they

1195
00:50:51,820 --> 00:50:49,400
didn't see 40 years later a documentary

1196
00:50:53,829 --> 00:50:51,830
was made so westall 66 is worth googling

1197
00:50:55,570 --> 00:50:53,839
if you're into UFOs a lot of us enjoyed

1198
00:50:57,490 --> 00:50:55,580
that when it was on the sci-fi channel i

1199
00:50:59,200 --> 00:50:57,500
intervene early interview the director

1200
00:51:00,640 --> 00:50:59,210
and you spoke to some of those people

1201
00:51:02,950 --> 00:51:00,650
that were featured in that documentary

1202
00:51:05,320 --> 00:51:02,960
and the traditional view is that was

1203
00:51:07,180 --> 00:51:05,330
either a mass hallucination of some sort

1204
00:51:09,640 --> 00:51:07,190
or the people have recreated the memory

1205
00:51:11,230 --> 00:51:09,650
in the time since then what do you think

1206
00:51:13,060 --> 00:51:11,240
as you spoke to the people the people

1207
00:51:14,890 --> 00:51:13,070
that actually saw something as children

1208
00:51:16,900 --> 00:51:14,900
that morning well the two options you've

1209
00:51:18,970 --> 00:51:16,910
raised there are definitely you know

1210
00:51:20,859 --> 00:51:18,980
options you know another option is it

1211
00:51:23,800 --> 00:51:20,869
actually happened and these people just

1212
00:51:26,020 --> 00:51:23,810
seem so normal just like suburban

1213
00:51:27,760 --> 00:51:26,030
Australians that I went well maybe it

1214
00:51:29,320 --> 00:51:27,770
happened the people want happy to talk

1215
00:51:31,030 --> 00:51:29,330
to you yeah absolutely i mean they've

1216
00:51:32,400 --> 00:51:31,040
sat on this thing for 40 years because

1217
00:51:34,720 --> 00:51:32,410
they were scared of being ridiculed

1218
00:51:36,760 --> 00:51:34,730
follow their stories out in the open and

1219
00:51:38,650 --> 00:51:36,770
people are interested again the other

1220
00:51:40,359 --> 00:51:38,660
option for that one is some sort of

1221
00:51:42,460 --> 00:51:40,369
experimental drone aircraft what do you

1222
00:51:43,870 --> 00:51:42,470
think about that one yeah absolutely we

1223
00:51:45,609 --> 00:51:43,880
think happen to me last night mon roi

1224
00:51:47,440 --> 00:51:45,619
the handle a weird thing happens to you

1225
00:51:49,480 --> 00:51:47,450
every night jammer because we have this

1226
00:51:51,460 --> 00:51:49,490
imaginative fictional thing that you're

1227
00:51:53,140 --> 00:51:51,470
like you know Marilyn Manson or Alice

1228
00:51:55,450 --> 00:51:53,150
Cooper and you've got this wild life at

1229
00:51:57,070 --> 00:51:55,460
night so you should say it may not yet

1230
00:51:59,260 --> 00:51:57,080
another weird thing happened to me

1231
00:52:00,910 --> 00:51:59,270
last night so started again Java it may

1232
00:52:02,950 --> 00:52:00,920
not yet another weird thing happened to

1233
00:52:06,040 --> 00:52:02,960
me last night 1 30 this morning in fact

1234
00:52:08,140 --> 00:52:06,050
my wife and I woken by a huge fan kind

1235
00:52:09,940 --> 00:52:08,150
of noise and i'm pretty sure an alien

1236
00:52:11,680 --> 00:52:09,950
spacecraft was landing on my roof what

1237
00:52:14,320 --> 00:52:11,690
was really strange about it was that all

1238
00:52:16,270 --> 00:52:14,330
night I've been watching UFO tacos on

1239
00:52:18,280 --> 00:52:16,280
that gia and I'd also downloaded the

1240
00:52:19,840 --> 00:52:18,290
wallpaper of the new cowboys and aliens

1241
00:52:21,700 --> 00:52:19,850
movie and I thought okay I'm sending

1242
00:52:25,030 --> 00:52:21,710
them signals but I'm interested what did

1243
00:52:27,250 --> 00:52:25,040
you think of the UK UFO documentary that

1244
00:52:28,810 --> 00:52:27,260
was on on Monday night what do you think

1245
00:52:30,520 --> 00:52:28,820
of that but because there was some stuff

1246
00:52:32,410 --> 00:52:30,530
from the Second World War there was some

1247
00:52:34,240 --> 00:52:32,420
more recent stuff there was the Welsh

1248
00:52:35,380 --> 00:52:34,250
Roswell which I thought is definitely a

1249
00:52:37,930 --> 00:52:35,390
Torchwood kind of thing what do you

1250
00:52:39,850 --> 00:52:37,940
think look I loved it because you know

1251
00:52:41,740 --> 00:52:39,860
in the middle of a world war and your

1252
00:52:43,510 --> 00:52:41,750
Winston Churchill there he's being

1253
00:52:45,190 --> 00:52:43,520
briefed on these reports and everyone

1254
00:52:48,940 --> 00:52:45,200
know that Winston was a bit wacky on the

1255
00:52:50,740 --> 00:52:48,950
speed to thank you you can I mean I

1256
00:52:52,210 --> 00:52:50,750
would love to see you know a dolphin

1257
00:52:53,860 --> 00:52:52,220
Winston you know slug it out

1258
00:52:55,660 --> 00:52:53,870
head-to-head man oh man style you know

1259
00:52:58,180 --> 00:52:55,670
what it was I would recommend the

1260
00:53:00,850 --> 00:52:58,190
documentary series altered statesman and

1261
00:53:03,220 --> 00:53:00,860
it does mention that Winston liked a bit

1262
00:53:05,320 --> 00:53:03,230
of a a as well as a tipple he didn't

1263
00:53:07,980 --> 00:53:05,330
enjoy like bit of the Benzedrine there

1264
00:53:10,630 --> 00:53:07,990
brings him on the youtube series of the

1265
00:53:12,490 --> 00:53:10,640
historic rap battles these two rappers

1266
00:53:14,470 --> 00:53:12,500
dressed up as historical figures and

1267
00:53:22,769 --> 00:53:14,480
kind of try and slay each other Chris

1268
00:53:28,059 --> 00:53:25,299
apply my battle theory minds are

1269
00:53:31,539 --> 00:53:28,069
relatively long so take a seat speed o

1270
00:53:33,160 --> 00:53:31,549
tu cruncher on what everyone go there

1271
00:53:34,809 --> 00:53:33,170
right now Einstein vessels Hawking

1272
00:53:37,569 --> 00:53:34,819
that's our audience you got there back

1273
00:53:39,609 --> 00:53:37,579
to the the ufos Second World War what do

1274
00:53:40,900 --> 00:53:39,619
you reckon the food fighters what you're

1275
00:53:42,490 --> 00:53:40,910
saying with West or the idea of

1276
00:53:44,319 --> 00:53:42,500
experimental craft I mean you can only

1277
00:53:46,299 --> 00:53:44,329
imagine what type of things you know

1278
00:53:48,849 --> 00:53:46,309
what boundaries were being pushed in the

1279
00:53:50,859 --> 00:53:48,859
40s I dare say they were all types of

1280
00:53:53,260 --> 00:53:50,869
experimental craft and that's probably

1281
00:53:55,660 --> 00:53:53,270
the most likely the notion that with the

1282
00:54:01,000 --> 00:53:55,670
atomic bomb being tested and detonated

1283
00:54:02,950 --> 00:54:01,010
in her oshima 1945 aliens came in 1947

1284
00:54:04,210 --> 00:54:02,960
because they saw the signal and they

1285
00:54:05,859 --> 00:54:04,220
went I would go and have a look at what

1286
00:54:07,150 --> 00:54:05,869
that is but one of the scientists symbol

1287
00:54:08,829 --> 00:54:07,160
that would mean that they live one

1288
00:54:10,240 --> 00:54:08,839
light-year away which is too close

1289
00:54:11,769 --> 00:54:10,250
because there are no stars a lot you're

1290
00:54:13,390 --> 00:54:11,779
away allow you to reach them and a lot

1291
00:54:15,210 --> 00:54:13,400
here to get here well as where the

1292
00:54:18,250 --> 00:54:15,220
wormholes might come up again Jabbar

1293
00:54:19,809 --> 00:54:18,260
babies dinosaurs piloting the space car

1294
00:54:21,700 --> 00:54:19,819
it's a bit like Star Trek next

1295
00:54:24,160 --> 00:54:21,710
generation when you got a problem invoke

1296
00:54:25,750 --> 00:54:24,170
the tachyons I detect a key on radiation

1297
00:54:28,690 --> 00:54:25,760
which means someone's from another time

1298
00:54:30,789 --> 00:54:28,700
zone and away you go new plot it's it's

1299
00:54:32,079 --> 00:54:30,799
interesting all of this paranormal stuff

1300
00:54:33,789 --> 00:54:32,089
there needs to be an element of

1301
00:54:35,829 --> 00:54:33,799
convenience to it like the Loch Ness

1302
00:54:37,750 --> 00:54:35,839
monster the abominable snowman any of

1303
00:54:39,549 --> 00:54:37,760
this stuff you need to have a convenient

1304
00:54:40,480 --> 00:54:39,559
well of course goes to be sure that I

1305
00:54:41,980 --> 00:54:40,490
want to be on camera well that's

1306
00:54:43,809 --> 00:54:41,990
convenient is underwater you you know

1307
00:54:46,180 --> 00:54:43,819
UFOs are unidentified by the definition

1308
00:54:48,519 --> 00:54:46,190
that's convenient some of the doc ozar

1309
00:54:50,980 --> 00:54:48,529
though I'm all supposed based on fact

1310
00:54:52,750 --> 00:54:50,990
did you do any EVP while you're out in

1311
00:54:55,390 --> 00:54:52,760
the field electronic voice phenomenon

1312
00:54:57,579 --> 00:54:55,400
did you try that out no we did use am an

1313
00:55:01,799 --> 00:54:57,589
EMF which I thought was unbelievable no

1314
00:55:09,720 --> 00:55:01,809
no I saw her again can you drop in

1315
00:55:14,370 --> 00:55:13,170
justed debe everybody wants that on

1316
00:55:15,960 --> 00:55:14,380
whenever we do a thing about the

1317
00:55:17,520 --> 00:55:15,970
paranormal run one said in that launched

1318
00:55:19,140 --> 00:55:17,530
the young one because it was an env show

1319
00:55:20,640 --> 00:55:19,150
and by the way he he couldn't afford

1320
00:55:22,560 --> 00:55:20,650
that for the theme he wanted it

1321
00:55:24,060 --> 00:55:22,570
copyright was too much who cares about

1322
00:55:26,190 --> 00:55:24,070
that song anymore just let him have it

1323
00:55:28,740 --> 00:55:26,200
I'm sure the guy who wrote it would feel

1324
00:55:30,570 --> 00:55:28,750
the same way jaben but you had an EMR

1325
00:55:32,220 --> 00:55:30,580
meter which would kind of go off if

1326
00:55:35,490 --> 00:55:32,230
there was some electrical wiring around

1327
00:55:38,220 --> 00:55:35,500
like maybe a light bulb microphone pack

1328
00:55:40,380 --> 00:55:38,230
that we might have films with a wireless

1329
00:55:42,000 --> 00:55:40,390
microphone pack yet that would emit some

1330
00:55:45,060 --> 00:55:42,010
sort of VM is consuming that's what it

1331
00:55:46,830 --> 00:55:45,070
does finally the that kept loading up at

1332
00:55:48,090 --> 00:55:46,840
the quarantine station the greatest

1333
00:55:49,500 --> 00:55:48,100
moment that happened there was that we

1334
00:55:50,940 --> 00:55:49,510
were in the gravediggers cottage we were

1335
00:55:53,820 --> 00:55:50,950
trying to contact the gravediggers and

1336
00:55:55,080 --> 00:55:53,830
one of the internal doors slammed and I

1337
00:55:57,330 --> 00:55:55,090
kind of looked at camera know what that

1338
00:55:59,040 --> 00:55:57,340
was either a ghost or the breeze does

1339
00:56:01,500 --> 00:55:59,050
coming through here quite strongly so

1340
00:56:03,630 --> 00:56:01,510
you know I just seen it spun with our

1341
00:56:05,070 --> 00:56:03,640
minds some of the great horror movies of

1342
00:56:06,660 --> 00:56:05,080
what you don't see where would you

1343
00:56:08,460 --> 00:56:06,670
suggest they go because you've been to

1344
00:56:09,660 --> 00:56:08,470
these places in Australia now we've got

1345
00:56:11,310 --> 00:56:09,670
a whole bunch of skip existing where

1346
00:56:12,930 --> 00:56:11,320
some where they should go and just have

1347
00:56:15,090 --> 00:56:12,940
a good look around because you found it

1348
00:56:17,250 --> 00:56:15,100
curious and interesting well Maitland

1349
00:56:19,170 --> 00:56:17,260
Giles a good one you know pretty sure

1350
00:56:20,609 --> 00:56:19,180
that it goes to is there I think if

1351
00:56:22,580 --> 00:56:20,619
you're interested in this kind of thing

1352
00:56:24,750 --> 00:56:22,590
you may as well go and experience

1353
00:56:26,640 --> 00:56:24,760
environments where other people have

1354
00:56:28,740 --> 00:56:26,650
witnessed something paranormal social in

1355
00:56:30,810 --> 00:56:28,750
the UFOs may be gonna do a you know

1356
00:56:32,760 --> 00:56:30,820
drive drive out to Broken Hill and see

1357
00:56:34,050 --> 00:56:32,770
if you can see them in men at the end of

1358
00:56:36,150 --> 00:56:34,060
the day it's just another kind of

1359
00:56:37,920 --> 00:56:36,160
interesting it's more interesting than

1360
00:56:39,540 --> 00:56:37,930
the Financial Times that's what I find

1361
00:56:41,730 --> 00:56:39,550
what documentary has been your favorite

1362
00:56:44,070 --> 00:56:41,740
this week that you've seen I'd have to

1363
00:56:46,410 --> 00:56:44,080
say Roswell because the fact that these

1364
00:56:50,040 --> 00:56:46,420
people are hanging on to this conspiracy

1365
00:56:53,010 --> 00:56:50,050
that the government has kept secret for

1366
00:56:54,599 --> 00:56:53,020
70 years an alien spacecraft crashing

1367
00:56:57,330 --> 00:56:54,609
and the collection of bodies and stuff

1368
00:56:59,190 --> 00:56:57,340
it's just astounding this the people

1369
00:57:01,349 --> 00:56:59,200
won't let this go that you know whole

1370
00:57:03,090 --> 00:57:01,359
town now the entire economy is based on

1371
00:57:05,099 --> 00:57:03,100
being the UFO capital of the world is

1372
00:57:07,200 --> 00:57:05,109
there one conspiracy theory that you

1373
00:57:08,550 --> 00:57:07,210
kind of lean towards or is your favorite

1374
00:57:10,320 --> 00:57:08,560
I mean we've seen jesse ventura's

1375
00:57:12,120 --> 00:57:10,330
conspiracy theory there in the history

1376
00:57:13,920 --> 00:57:12,130
channel and that's been ripping it out

1377
00:57:16,530 --> 00:57:13,930
there is there one that warmed you up I

1378
00:57:18,120 --> 00:57:16,540
heard one recently which I I know

1379
00:57:19,770 --> 00:57:18,130
nothing about whether it's true or not

1380
00:57:21,810 --> 00:57:19,780
but you might know something on this

1381
00:57:22,769 --> 00:57:21,820
that the carbon tax is basically

1382
00:57:25,349 --> 00:57:22,779
something that was dry

1383
00:57:27,179 --> 00:57:25,359
up by macho and she was seeking to

1384
00:57:29,009 --> 00:57:27,189
discredit the coal miners when they were

1385
00:57:30,899 --> 00:57:29,019
striking in the hopes of getting people

1386
00:57:33,469 --> 00:57:30,909
more interested in nuclear power and she

1387
00:57:36,870 --> 00:57:33,479
wants make coal seam a really dirty

1388
00:57:39,539 --> 00:57:36,880
method of creating energy and the idea

1389
00:57:40,829 --> 00:57:39,549
of carbon pollution was born and it's

1390
00:57:42,929 --> 00:57:40,839
carried on from so I think that's an

1391
00:57:44,880 --> 00:57:42,939
amazing theory whether it's true whether

1392
00:57:47,099 --> 00:57:44,890
you'd ever get to the bottom of that is

1393
00:57:48,659 --> 00:57:47,109
another story well you just added yet

1394
00:57:50,849 --> 00:57:48,669
another level to the carbon tax

1395
00:57:53,939 --> 00:57:50,859
conspiracy theory on you their jabber we

1396
00:57:55,829 --> 00:57:53,949
needed that just another level people

1397
00:57:57,209 --> 00:57:55,839
love a good tax jabber thanks very much

1398
00:57:58,769 --> 00:57:57,219
for your time and next time something's

1399
00:58:00,929 --> 00:57:58,779
paranormals happening are you the go-to

1400
00:58:02,909 --> 00:58:00,939
guy should you be the go-to guy you now

1401
00:58:05,189 --> 00:58:02,919
the paranormal spokesman for the

1402
00:58:08,609 --> 00:58:05,199
everyday man I'm the Leonard Nimoy of

1403
00:58:11,099 --> 00:58:08,619
Australia hey could I be a shatner does

1404
00:58:36,020 --> 00:58:11,109
your uncle with poetry live long and

1405
00:58:41,760 --> 00:58:39,210
thank you once again to listening to the

1406
00:58:43,140 --> 00:58:41,770
skeptic zonin thank you very much to

1407
00:58:45,660 --> 00:58:43,150
those people who have been chipping in

1408
00:58:48,450 --> 00:58:45,670
lately with some donations and weekly

1409
00:58:50,880 --> 00:58:48,460
contributions of less than a dollar much

1410
00:58:52,950 --> 00:58:50,890
appreciated very much appreciated and

1411
00:58:55,800 --> 00:58:52,960
that money is going to go continue to go

1412
00:58:57,960 --> 00:58:55,810
to the upkeep and the production of the

1413
00:58:59,490 --> 00:58:57,970
skeptic zone this week in the free

1414
00:59:01,200 --> 00:58:59,500
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1415
00:59:05,760 --> 00:59:01,210
episode of the skeptic zone and you can

1416
00:59:09,150 --> 00:59:05,770
subscribe at ww skeptics on TV it's the

1417
00:59:11,760 --> 00:59:09,160
video link to maynard Maynard's report

1418
00:59:14,370 --> 00:59:11,770
video report from supernova science

1419
00:59:16,290 --> 00:59:14,380
fiction festival in Sydney and that's

1420
00:59:19,260 --> 00:59:16,300
for you to enjoy on next week's show

1421
00:59:22,140 --> 00:59:19,270
some more bits and pieces from Tam Las

1422
00:59:24,150 --> 00:59:22,150
Vegas but until then this is Richard

1423
00:59:30,270 --> 00:59:24,160
Saunders signing off from Sydney

1424
00:59:34,980 --> 00:59:30,280
Australia you've been listening to the

1425
00:59:38,820 --> 00:59:34,990
skeptic zone visit our website at www